Criminal Justice: Reference

Four major questions are answered through this book: Does the criminal justice system need reform? What Is the state of the incarceration system in the United States? Should sentencing laws be reformed? What rights should be a part of the criminal justice system? Essays are arranged in a pro versus con format so that readers benefit from more than one intelligent perspective across each topic. Subtopics include the death penalty, life-without-parole sentences, racial discrimination, legal defense rights, and plea bargains. Essay sources include Karen Greenberg, Thomas Sowell, John W. Whitehead, Ashley Nellis, Stephen J. Schulhofer, and David D. Friedman.

This completely updated, new edition of Forensic Science approaches its subject from multiple directions. One primary approach is from the points of view of forensic investigators. In addition to its core essays on subspecialties and allied fields, the set has essays on specific types of investigations, investigative techniques, specialised equipment, and types of evidence. Also included is coverage of the role of forensic science in the American legal system. The articles define the topic and summarise their relevance to forensic science. This new edition adds hundreds of new entries and a complete update of existing entries to offer a comprehensive overview of this popular field.

In 1996, Garland published the second edition of the Encyclopedia of Police Science, edited by the late William G. Bailey. The work covered all the major sectors of policing in the US. Since then much research has been done on policing issues, and there have been significant changes in techniques and in the American police system. Technological advances have refined and generated methods of investigation. Political events, such as the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 in the United States, have created new policing needs while affecting public opinion about law enforcement. These developments appear in the third, expanded edition of the Encyclopedia of Police Science. 380 entries examine the theoretical and practical aspects of law enforcement, discussing past and present practices. The added coverage makes the Encyclopedia more comprehensive with a greater focus on today's policing issues. Also added are themes such as accountability, the culture of police, and the legal framework that affects police decision. New topics discuss recent issues, such as Internet and crime, international terrorism, airport safety, or racial profiling. Entries are contributed by scholars as well as experts working in police departments, crime labs, and various fields of policing.